![]() ![]() ![]() Functional neurological deficits in chronic neurological diseases originate from either loss of a specific neuronal subtype, or universal brain damage. Although acute localized neurodegeneration could result from a temporal localized injury, such as stroke and trauma, chronic neurodegeneration usually develops over a long period of time, and has unclear multifactorial causes. Neurological diseases are derived from the loss of functional neurons in the central nervous system (CNS). ![]() STEM CELL THERAPY FOR NEUROLOGICAL DISEASES With new technologies for aNSCs and their clinical strengths, previous hurdles in stem cell therapies for neurological diseases could be overcome, to realize clinically efficacious regenerative stem cell therapeutics. However, several groups have recently developed novel techniques to isolate and expand aNSCs from normal adult brains, and showed successful applications of aNSCs to neurological diseases. In spite of the merits of aNSCs, difficulties in the isolation from the normal brain, and in the in vitro expansion, have blocked preclinical and clinical study using aNSCs. Compared with other types of stem cells, aNSCs have clinical advantages, such as limited proliferation, inborn differentiation potential into functional neural cells, and no ethical issues. In this review, we discuss the scientific and clinical basics of adult neural stem cells (aNSCs), and their current developmental status as cell therapeutics for neurological disease. Although stem cell therapy is an attractive option to reverse neural tissue damage and to recover neurological deficits, it is still under development so as not to show significant treatment effects in clinical settings. Over the past two decades, regenerative therapies using stem cell technologies have been developed for various neurological diseases. ![]()
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